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January-March 2010 Volume 28 | Issue 1
Page Nos. 1-54
Online since Monday, March 8, 2010
Accessed 136,895 times.
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EDITORIAL |
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Warm greetings from Davangere |
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VV Subba Reddy DOI:10.4103/0970-4388.60485 |
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ORIGINAL ARTICLES |
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Comparison of the effectiveness of sterilizing endodontic files by 4 different methods: An in vitro study |
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R Venkatasubramanian, Jayanthi , UM Das, S Bhatnagar DOI:10.4103/0970-4388.60478 PMID:20215664Sterilization is the best method to counter the threats of microorganisms. The purpose of sterilization in the field of health care is to prevent the spread of infectious diseases. In dentistry, it primarily relates to processing reusable instruments to prevent cross-infection. The aim of this study was to investigate the efficacy of 4 methods of sterilizing endodontic instruments: Autoclaving, carbon dioxide laser sterilization, chemical sterilization (with glutaraldehyde) and glass-bead sterilization. The endodontic file was sterilized by 4 different methods after contaminating it with bacillus stearothermophillus and then checked for sterility by incubating after putting it in test tubes containing thioglycollate medium. The study showed that the files sterilized by autoclave and lasers were completely sterile. Those sterilized by glass bead were 90% sterile and those with glutaraldehyde were 80% sterile. The study concluded that autoclave or laser could be used as a method of sterilization in clinical practice and in advanced clinics; laser can be used also as a chair side method of sterilization. |
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Biodegradation of nickel and chromium from space maintainers: An in vitro study |
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V Bhaskar, VV Subba Reddy DOI:10.4103/0970-4388.60484 PMID:20215665Band materials are often used in the practice of pediatric dentistry. Nickel and Chromium are the main ingredients of these materials. The potential health hazards of nickel and chromium and their compounds have been the focus of attention for more than 100 years. It has established that these metals could cause hypersensitivity. The study was undertaken to analyze in vitro biodegradation of space maintainers made out of stainless steel band materials from manufacturers Dentaurum and Unitek. The leaching effect simulating the use of one, two, three, and four space maintainers in clinical practice was studied by keeping the respective number of space maintainers in the artificial saliva incubating at 37°C and analyzing for nickel and chromium release after 1,7,14,21 and 28 days using atomic absorption spectrophotometer. Results showed that there was measurable release of both nickel and chromium which reached maximum level at the end of 7 days which was statistically significant (P <0.05) and was very much below the dietary average intake even for four bands used and was not capable of causing any toxicity. |
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Dental aesthetic index: Applicability in Indian population: A retrospective study |
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KS Poonacha, SD Deshpande, Anand L Shigli DOI:10.4103/0970-4388.60483 PMID:20215666A variety of indices have been developed to assist professionals in categorizing malocclusion according to treatment needs. Dental aesthetic index (DAI) is one such index. DAI quantifies the normal variations usually seen and the dentofacial anomalies. A retrospective study on hundred available and treated cases was carried out on the casts. This survey was mainly carried out to determine the role of pedodontist in early identification of dental anomalies using DAI and sound referral of the patient to the orthodontist for better comprehensive care during the growth period in children. The materials used to collect data included periodontal probe with millimeter markings, ruler, calipers, pencil, and eraser. The results showed that when grouped according to various malocclusion severity levels by DAI, 3% had no or minor malocclusion indicating no or slight need of treatment, 15% had definite malocclusion and the treatment needed was elective, 27% had severe malocclusion and treatment was highly desirable, and remaining 55% of the casts had very severe or handicapping malocclusion and the treatment was mandatory. This study shows that DAI can be effectively used to evaluate and recognize the orthodontic needs of Indian children with permanent dentition and treated at an early stage so that the treatment is more effective. |
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Comparison of antibacterial efficacy of intracanal medicaments in multiple visit pulpectomies in primary molars-an in vivo study |
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GS Lele, VV Subba Reddy DOI:10.4103/0970-4388.60482 PMID:20215667Antibacterial efficacy of formocresol, 2% gluteraldehyde and iodine-potassium iodide was assessed by obtaining cultures at consecutive appointments in multiple visit pulpectomies in primary molars. Formocresol and 2% gluteraldehyde were more effective as intracanal medicaments and caused significant reduction in the counts of aerobic and anaerobic microorganisms, thereby supporting the need for placing intracanal medicaments with antibacterial properties, in multiple visit pulpectomies in primary molars. |
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Clinical and radiographic evaluation of pulpectomies using three root canal filling materials: An in-vivo study  |
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K Ramar, J Mungara DOI:10.4103/0970-4388.60481 PMID:20215668Various root canal filling materials are used to preserve a pulpally involved carious primary tooth. But there is no single material so far available to fulfill all the requirements of an ideal root canal filling material for a primary tooth. Hence this study was undertaken to evaluate clinically and radiographically the efficacy of three obturating materials - Calcium hydroxide with Iodoform (METAPEX), Zinc Oxide Eugenol with Iodoform (RC FILL) and Zinc Oxide Eugenol and Calcium hydroxide with Iodoform (ENDOFLAS) for a period of 9 months. Results show ENDOFLAS gave an overall success rate of 95.1%, METAPEX - 90.5% and RC FILL - 84.7%. In our study, we conclude that ENDOFLAS, a mixture of Zinc Oxide Eugenol and Calcium hydroxide with Iodoform fulfills most of the required properties of an ideal root canal filling for primary teeth. |
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Treatment effects produced by preorthodontic trainer appliance in patients with class II division I malocclusion |
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UM Das, D Reddy DOI:10.4103/0970-4388.60480 PMID:20215669The aim of the present study was to evaluate cephalometrically the treatment effects of preorthodontic trainer on dentoskeletal components in individuals showing class II division I malocclusion. This study comprised of 50 class II div. I patients (20 test patients and 30 controls) in the age group of 8-12 years. The test group was treated with a preorthodontic trainer for a period of 15 months. Standardized lateral cephalograms of both groups were taken before and after the treatment period. The cephalograms were then evaluated to determine the skeletal and dental changes in the course of treatment and then compared with the normative growth data to eliminate the possible growth effects. The readings were tabulated and subjected to statistical analysis. The results of the study after excluding the changes due to growth showed reduction in ANB and OP-SN values, indicating a significant reduction in the skeletal class II relationship. An upward cant of the occlusal plane in the treatment group was noted, probably due to the forward rotation of mandible. A significant increase in the vertical dimensions of the face in general and the mandible in particular was observed with the use of preorthodontic trainer. A significant reduction in the overjet and an increase in the inclination of mandibular incisor (L1-NB deg) were noted in the treatment group when compared with control group. It can be concluded that class II corrections can be achieved with the preorthodontic trainer appliance, which appears to have mostly dentoalveolar effects with smaller but significant skeletal effects. |
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CASE REPORTS |
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Treatment of crown dilaceration: An interdisciplinary approach |
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P Subramaniam, P Naidu DOI:10.4103/0970-4388.60479 PMID:20215670Trauma to primary teeth can result in a wide range of disturbances to the underlying permanent teeth, such as dilaceration. Root dilacerations occur more commonly than crown dilacerations. This paper is a report of an 11-year-old girl with a missing maxillary left anterior tooth. Past history revealed premature loss of primary maxillary anterior teeth due to trauma. Radiographic examination revealed crown dilaceration of permanent maxillary left central incisor. An interdisciplinary approach in the management of this child is presented herewith. |
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Management of an impacted and transposed maxillary canine |
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A Deepti, R Rayen, J Jeevarathan, MS Muthu, Prabhu V Rathna DOI:10.4103/0970-4388.60477 PMID:20215671Maxillary canine-lateral incisor transposition is a relatively rare anomaly, with both dental and facial esthetic implications. This is a case report of a maxillary canine-lateral incisor transposition that was successfully treated by surgical-orthodontic treatment followed by esthetic reshaping of the involved teeth.
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Rehabilitation of severely mutilated teeth under general anesthesia in an emotionally immature child |
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S Navit, A Katiyar, F Samadi, JN Jaiswal DOI:10.4103/0970-4388.60476 PMID:20215672Dental caries is the single most common chronic childhood disease. In rampant caries, there is early pulp involvement and gross destruction of the maxillary anterior teeth as well as posterior teeth. This leads to decreased masticatory efficiency, difficulty in speech, compromised esthetics, development of abnormal tongue habits and subsequent malocclusion and psychological problems. The restoration of severely decayed primary incisors is often a procedure that presents a special challenge to dentists, particularly in an uncooperative child. This case report documents the restoration of severely mutilated deciduous teeth in an emotionally immature patient under general anesthesia. |
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Foreign body in a deciduous incisor: A radiological revelation |
p. 45 |
G Lehl DOI:10.4103/0970-4388.60475 PMID:20215673A 6-year-old boy was brought to the dental department with a history of toothache in the anterior maxillary region. Intraoral examination revealed caries in the deciduous upper central and lateral incisor teeth. Radiological evaluation revealed the silhouette of a metallic paper clip in the pulp chamber of the deciduous right maxillary central incisor. The tooth was extracted as the permanent incisor was erupting below. Children often avoid informing their parents regarding such incidents due to fear of punishment. |
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Hypohidrotic ectodermal dysplasia - Diagnostic aids and a report of 5 cases |
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K Ramesh, D Vinola, John B John DOI:10.4103/0970-4388.60474 PMID:20215674Hypohidrotic ectodermal dysplasia (HED) is a rare group of disorders affecting the hair, teeth, nails and sweat glands to a variable degree. There is a wide range of clinical presentation of HED. Missing teeth or abnormal tooth form may be the first indicator of the disorder. We present a case report of 5 cases of HED with their intraoral findings and their treatment plan. We also consider the various etiological factors and their clinical diagnostic aids. |
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